Besides, not even the things that are wholes are
mutilated by the privation of any part. For the parts removed must
be neither those which determine the essence nor any chance parts,
irrespective of their position; e.g. a cup is not mutilated if it is
bored through, but only if the handle or a projecting part is removed,
and a man is mutilated not if the flesh or the spleen is removed,
but if an extremity is, and that not every extremity but one which
when completely removed cannot grow again. Therefore baldness is not a
mutilation.
28
The term 'race' or 'genus' is used (1) if generation of things
which have the same form is continuous, e.g. 'while the race of men
lasts' means 'while the generation of them goes on
continuously'.-(2) It is used with reference to that which first
brought things into existence; for it is thus that some are called
Hellenes by race and others Ionians, because the former proceed from
Hellen and the latter from Ion as their first begetter. And the word
is used in reference to the begetter more than to the matter, though
people also get a race-name from the female, e.g. 'the descendants
of Pyrrha'.-(3) There is genus in the sense in which 'plane' is the
genus of plane figures and solid' of solids; for each of the figures
is in the one case a plane of such and such a kind, and in the other a
solid of such and such a kind; and this is what underlies the
differentiae. Again (4) in definitions the first constituent
element, which is included in the 'what', is the genus, whose
differentiae the qualities are said to be 'Genus' then is used in
all these ways, (1) in reference to continuous generation of the
same kind, (2) in reference to the first mover which is of the same
kind as the things it moves, (3) as matter; for that to which the
differentia or quality belongs is the substratum, which we call
matter.
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